Traditional antidepressants include medication classes such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs, and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or SNRIs. Other options include atypical antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
These medications primarily affect chemical signaling involving serotonin, norepinephrine, or dopamine. They are commonly used as first-line treatments for depression and may also help with anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other conditions.
Traditional antidepressants offer several practical benefits:
- They are usually taken at home.
- They do not require monitored treatment sessions after every dose.
- Many have been used for decades and have well-established safety information.
- They may be effective for people experiencing a first depressive episode or depression that has not yet become treatment-resistant.
Antidepressants usually take time to work. According to the
National Institute of Mental Health, many people need approximately four to eight weeks to evaluate the full effect of an antidepressant, although some symptoms may improve sooner.
If a medication is not effective or causes difficult side effects, your provider may adjust the dose, switch medications, or consider another treatment strategy. Medication decisions should be made with professional guidance rather than by stopping treatment suddenly.